• Although GLP has greater insulin releasing effects at pharma

  2022-04-08

  

  Although GLP-1 has greater insulin-releasing effects at pharmacological concentrations [10], it is apparent that the higher circulating concentrations of GIP combined with more pronounced increase in secretion following feeding make GIP the major physiological incretin [7], [11]. The peptide exerts

• bibf Recently several dual GLP GIP receptor agonists have be

  2022-04-08

  

  Recently, several dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists have been developed as a treatment of type II diabetes. These peptides can activate both the GLP-1 and the GIP receptor. Such dual receptor agonists are superior compared to single GLP-1 analogues such as liraglutide (Finan et al., 2013). Previously

• The conversion of lactose to GOS by gal

  2022-04-07

  

  The conversion of lactose to GOS by β-gal involves the same transglycosylation mechanism used by most glycoside hydrolases (GHs). This mechanism (Fig. 1) involves an enzyme-bound intermediate and consists of two processes: glycosylation and deglycosylation (Adlercreutz, 2017). The glycosylation proc

• Introduction Risk factors for colorectal cancer

  2022-04-07

  

  Introduction Risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) include high-fat diets, sedentary lifestyles, obesity, diabetes, and elevated serum levels of toxic bile acids (BAs) (de Aguiar Vallim et al., 2013, Degirolamo et al., 2011, Downes and Liddle, 2008, Font-Burgada et al., 2016, Kuipers et al., 201

• br Author contributions br Declaration

  2022-04-07

  

  Author contributions Declaration of conflict of interest Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Director, National Institute of Immunology for his support. The work was partially supported by J.C. Bose Fellowship to SSM. We acknowledge the help from staff of Small Animal Facility of Nation

• Fig C presents the secondary

  2022-04-07

  

  Fig. 1(C) presents the secondary structure arrangement of the PAS-A and PAS-B domains in both HIF-2α and ARNT. The common scaffold of the PAS domains is a β sheet with numerous flanking α helixes. The PAS-A domains of both HIF-2α and ARNT have A’α, Aβ, Bβ, Cα, Dα, Eα, Fα, Gβ, Hβ, and Iβ from the N t

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-04-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Numerous studies have identified important roles for HIF-1α in cellular function and dysfunction through its transcriptional activity [4]. A few studies have reported that HIF-1α is translocated to the mitochondria in human and mouse cancer cell line

• Polyunsaturated fatty acid components of

  2022-04-07

  

  Polyunsaturated fatty BG45 components of brain are more prone to oxidative attack, an event called lipid peroxidation. Consistent with previous findings on neurotoxicity [58,59], colistin sulphate increased the level of MDA in the brain of rats. The elevated MDA, a consequence of overwhelmed antioxi

• Renal disease is characterized by aberrant fibrotic remodeli

  2022-04-06

  

  Renal disease is characterized by aberrant fibrotic remodeling of renal tissue, elevated apoptosis in kidney tissue, and eventual organ failure. In addition, patients with renal disease are more likely to suffer from systemic hypertension due to oxidative damage (reviewed in Ref. [18]). Treatment of

• br Introduction The replacement of a regular intake of

  2022-04-06

  

  Introduction The replacement of a regular intake of healthy oils and fibres for a diet based substantially on high fat- and high sugar-content foods has had profound consequences for public health. These changes in the way that the populations of high income, particularly Western countries, manag

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-04-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we demonstrated that zaprinast (a cGMP-PDE inhibitor) induced the intracellular calcium mobilization in the CCT245737 coexpressing GPR35 and Gqi5, Gqo5, or Gα16. Induction of intracellular calcium mobilization by zaprinast in the GPR35

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion br Disclos

  2022-04-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Disclosures Author contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetes mellitus is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 382 million patients, of which about 90% have type 2 diabetes melli

• In the present study we characterized the expression

  2022-04-06

  

  In the present study, we characterized the expression of glucose transporters in the developing and adult mouse lens and showed that GLUT1 is the primary transporter expressed in the lens epithelium. We found that mice with a homozygous deletion of Slc2a1 from the lens epithelium developed cataracts

• Introduction Erythrocyte membrane proteins or their ortholog

  2022-04-06

  

  Introduction Erythrocyte membrane proteins or their orthologs are found in almost all LDE225 of the body [1,2]. Because of this compositional similarity and the erythrocyte membrane's accessibility, the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) has served as a crude model for mammalian plasma membranes for ma

• The mechanism by which Piezo acts in

  2022-04-06

  

  The mechanism by which Piezo1 acts in the regulation of RBC volume is not firmly established. Its curved structure implies that it is activated by an increase in membrane tension (11), a mechanism indicated by electrophysiological measurements (16). However, the RBC membrane mechanics at its physiol

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