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KT203 br Introduction AMP activated protein kinase AMPK has
2023-10-13
Introduction AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been found to be a key character against cardiovascular diseases and cellular stress. When activated by certain stress, AMPK regulates sugars and fatty acids that are good or detrimental to the heart. For example, targeting AMPK phosphorylation
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br Acknowledgments The authors thank
2023-10-13
Acknowledgments The authors thank Claudia Wittrock for her excellent technical assistance. The work was supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB974 TP B05) and of the Anton-Betz-Stiftung to N.K. A.M. is an associate member of the iBrain graduate school at the University of
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Many of the cellular processes regulated by AKT activation a
2023-10-13
Many of the cellular processes regulated by AKT activation are also controlled by other intracellular pathways such as the MAPK pathway, the PLCγ pathway, but also, directly or indirectly, by signaling pathways not linked to RTK transmembrane receptors, such as growth factor-linked signaling affecti
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2-Palmitoylglycerol The cavity volume of the binding pocket
2023-10-13
The cavity volume of the binding pocket may differ not only between species but also among various AhR/ARNT isoforms within a single species. It is noteworthy that even a single amino 2-Palmitoylglycerol substitution within a binding pocket may result in a change in the cavity volume. This, in turn
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Notably both circulating adiponectin and adipsin were equall
2023-10-13
Notably, both circulating adiponectin and adipsin were equally diminished by about 50% in Arfrp1 mice consistent with several studies reporting overlapping trafficking routes for their secretion from 3T3-L1 LB Broth, Miller which was strikingly inhibited upon ablation of TfR-positive endosomes [18,
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Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays
2023-10-13
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays pivotal roles in different physiological and pathophysiological processes by triggering specific cell-surface receptors both in the butein and in the periphery. The adenosine receptors (ARs) are four different subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors
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br Results br Discussion Members of the
2023-10-13
Results Discussion Members of the PfkB family of proteins, which exhibit AK activity, have only been found in the eukaryotic organisms in the past. Hence, the report of a PfkB family protein in MTub that exhibited AK activity was of much interest, and it necessitated closer examination of its
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Adarotene The zebrafish Danio rerio is
2023-10-13
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism for virtually any biological function of vertebrates, and has, therefore, received a wide distribution in particular in developmental biology and toxicology (Strähle et al., 2012). With respect to AChE, the zebrafish has, e.g., been identified
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The synthesis and secretion of
2023-10-13
The synthesis and secretion of adrenal androgens is apparently unique to humans and nonhuman primates, and requires the expression of key mediators such as CYP17 [26]. Endocrine control of CYP17 expression in rhesus monkeys is comparable to that in humans [27]. An analysis of baboon cDNA for CYP17 s
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Of the many different types of DNA
2023-10-12
Of the many different types of DNA lesions, DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are amongst the most deleterious. It has been suggested that a single unrepaired DSB may be sufficient to induce cell death (Bennett et al., 1993), whereas misrepaired DSBs can result in loss of genetic information, potentia
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Similar to the importance of
2023-10-12
Similar to the importance of MeJA in postharvest A. bisporus quality maintenance at 10°C storage (Meng et al., 2012a), MeJA was also observed to play a pivotal role in this event at 4°C storage. Cap opening is an important mushroom quality indicator (Braaksma et al., 1999). During postharvest storag
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br Materials and methods br
2023-10-12
Materials and methods Results Discussion Fluoride can readily penetrate cellular membranes and seriously damage the structure and physiological function of cells (Zhou et al., 2015). Several studies have shown that excessive fluoride can decrease the viability of cells and that the growth o
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Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for
2023-10-12
Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ [7], [8], and apelin and APJ are widely expressed in human organs including hypothalamus, heart, lungs, kidneys, adipose tissue, muscles, and others [9]. Apelin is initially synthesized as a 77-amino-acid
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AP was originally described as a heterodimer of the bZIP
2023-10-12
AP-1 was originally described as a heterodimer of the bZIP proteins c-Jun and c-Fos. The experiments described here showed that stimulation of TRPV1 channels induced the expression of both of these classical constituents of AP-1. The essential role of both proteins was analyzed in a series of experi
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The crucial role of AP in establishing and
2023-10-12
The crucial role of AP-1 in establishing and maintaining cell type-specific gene expression programs and cell identity is further apparent during reprogramming of mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) into iPSCs with either Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/cMyc (OSKM ) factors , or chemicals . Using ATAC-seq to profile chr
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